The production of sandcrete blocks using groundnut shell ash gsa as cement replacement was investigated. Abstract 100mm and 125mm solid blocks are extensively used for building construction at idiroko area of ogun state in nigeria and environ with no record of known available data. This paper investigates the strength properties of. Sandcrete blocks are widely used as walling units in nigeria. Pdf effects of curing on the compressive strengths of. Pdf intensive use of sandcrete hollow blocks in building production has made it essential building materials in. Intensive use of sandcrete hollow blocks in building production has made it essential building materials in.
Arimanwa3 1,3department of civil engineering, federal university of technology, owerri, nigeria 2department of civil engineering, enugu state university of science and technology, enugu, nigeria. This project has a report comprise the effectiveness and obstruct of both concrete and sandcrete blocks. Pdf assessment of sandcrete blocks manufacturers compliance. The fine aggregate was replaced with crushed waste sandcrete block cwsb in various percentages in the steps of 10 starting from.
The low standard of sandcrete blocks was as a result of poor mixdesign, inadequate production process, insufficient curing period,, and lack of governmental agency and professional control. Find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. Part 2 and shall have a minimum compressive strength of 5 nmm2 unless otherwise stated. This paper is laboratory testfocused, and reports the results of investigation of the strength and density of sandcrete blocks based on a 1. Suitability of commercially available sandcrete blocks in. Assessment of the quality of sandcrete blocks in use in. A mathematical model for prediction of the strength of sandcrete cement block a mathematical model for prediction of the strength of sancrete cement block application of henry scheffes and osadebes concrete optimisation theory abstract sandcrete blocks are prismatic units manufactured from lean sand cement mortar mixes and are the predominant walling materials used in buildings i. And also that the strongness and weakness of a building depends solidly on the methods employed in moulding the bricks which are used in laying the foundation of a building. Assessment of the quality of sandcrete blocks in use in owerri imo state, southeast nigeria joan i. The pdf file you selected should load here if your web browser has a pdf reader plugin installed for example, a recent version of adobe acrobat reader if you would like more information about how to print, save, and work with pdfs, highwire press provides a helpful frequently asked questions about pdfs alternatively, you can download the pdf file directly to your computer, from where it.
Abstract this paper investigates the strength characteristics of sandcrete blocks in. Two hundred and seventyone sandcrete block models from four mixed proportions, namely 1. Special shaped blocks, required to form proper bonding, which cannot be made in a standard blockmaking machine may be made in approved wooden moulds. On this post, im going to explain the concept of cement block manufacture and i hope youre going to learn a lot from it. Effects of curing on the compressive strengths of commercial sandcrete blocks in calabar nigeria. Groundnut shell ash as a partial replacement of cement in. The load carrying capacity of hollow sandcrete blocks j. I abstract alternative methods of building material production without compromising on quality have become vital to researchers lately.
Compressive strength of manual and machine compacted. Sandcrete blocks and quality management in nigeria. Sandcrete is unsuitable for loadbearing columns, and is mainly used for walls, or for foundations if no suitable alternative is available. An easy in use and free online library of cad blocks was designed to facilitate and speed up your workflow. Furthermore, the method, and steps employed in moulding a block is also emphasized. Costs of alternative methods of acquiring sandcrete blocks for walling lawal1 p. Physicomechanical behaviour of sandcrete block masonry units.
Alternatively, you can download the pdf file directly to your computer, from where it can be opened using a pdf reader. A mathematical model for prediction of the strength of sandcrete cement block a mathematical model for prediction of the strength of sancrete cement block application of henry scheffes and osadebes concrete optimisation theory abstract sandcrete blocks are prismatic units manufactured from lean sand cement mortar mixes and are the. Finally, metallic flat base was used to further compact the mold mixture up to 4 times. This has necessitated producers of sandcrete blocks to produce blocks with low opc content. Emmanuel bamfoagyei department of building technology, cape coast polytechnic, cape coast, ghana sandcrete block is one of the common materials. The pdf file you selected should load here if your web browser has a pdf reader plugin installed for example, a recent version of adobe acrobat reader if you would like more information about how to print, save, and work with pdfs, highwire press provides a helpful frequently asked questions about pdfs. It was named portland cement because it looked like the. The aim of the paper is to appraise the quality control practices of block producers in yewa south area of ogun state, nigeria with a view to proffering solution to the production of poor quality blocks in the area. This makes sandcrete blocks a very important material in building construction.
Cost analysis at the time of this study was conducted on the basis of one square metre of wall for lateritecement and sandcrete blocks respectively and the results are shown in table 2. Thirty two 32 samples were moulded from the two brands of cement i. A concrete with compressive strength of 30nmm2 at 28 days hydration period was designed for normal mixture as the control. Comparison of locally excavated sand with river sand in. Download this pdf file canadian center of science and education. Some engineering properties of sandcrete blocks containing rice husk ash daniel c. Comparison of locally excavated sand with river sand in terms. This replacement is intended to develop more economic sandcrete blocks since the cost of lateritic soil in ota is much less than the cost of the conventional fine aggregate used in the production of sandcrete blocks without compromising the intergrity of. This paper examines the quality of machinevibrated hollow sandcrete blocks used on construction sites in lagos metropolis.
The data of this article examined compliance level to minimum standard requirements among sandcrete block manufacturers in south western nigeria. Theoretical framework quality is defined as fitness for purpose or compliance with specification anosike, 2011, taylor, 2002 the totality of features required by a product or service to. A wide variety of sandcrete block making machine options are available to you, such as automatic, type, and method. Assessment of sandcrete blocks manufacturers research india. Findings from the socalled readymade hollow sandcrete blocks sold by some. This has necessitated producers of sandcrete blocks to produce blocks with low opc content that will be affordable to people and with much gain. Sandcrete manufacture could be for solid blocks, hollow blocks. Concrete blocks are produced in a large variety of shapes and sizes. This showed that most of sandcrete blocks sold to the general public in south west were of low standard. Cement, as a binder, is the most expensive input in to the production of sandcrete blocks. Pdf sandcrete blocks and quality management in nigeria. Iiard international journal of environmental research.
Mar 03, 2015 sandcrete blocks are widely used in nigeria as walling units and over 90% of houses in nigeria are being constructed of sandcrete blocks. This paper examines the quality of machinevibrated hollow sandcrete blocks used on. An appraisal of the quality control practices in sandcrete blocks production in yewa south area of ogun state, nigeria samuel sunday omopariola department of works and services, the federal polytechnic, ilaro, nigeria abstract. Some engineering properties of sandcrete blocks containing. Physicomechanical behaviour of sandcrete block masonry. From the test results, the density of sandcrete blocks is higher in grade 42. Quality assessment of sandcrete blocks produced in adeta, kwara state.
Sandcrete blocks and quality management in nigeria building. This modcl possesses the advantages of economy, and case of reformulation, as well as an inherent cognisance of the effect of the variation in the source of ingredients ol sandcrete blocks on thc str. Pdf assessment of properties of sandcrete blocks produced by. Strength properties of commercially produces sandcrete blocks. Cement concrete hollow blocks are usually of the following three dimensions. A mathematical model for prediction of the strength of sancrete cement block application of henry scheffes and osadebes concrete optimisation theory abstract sandcrete blocks are prismatic units manufactured from lean sand cement mortar mixes and are the predominant walling materials used in buildings in nigeria and other countries. Determination of safe weight limit of sandcrete block for. Also the area of application of both the sandcrete and concrete blocks are stated in chapter two of this report. May 29, 2017 sandcrete manufacture could be for solid blocks, hollow blocks. Pdf establishing the compressive strength of sandcrete blocks.
Properties of concrete concrete is an artificial conglomerate stone made essentially of portland cement, water, and aggregates. Eighteen commercially produced sandcrete blocks were picked randomly from each of the selected states, three 3 blocks from each state. Sandcrete blocks have been in use in many parts of the world for a very long time. Sandcrete blocks are the most prominent of the concrete masonry units in the building industry today especially in the construction of residential, industrial and. This research investigated and compared the strength of manual with machine compacted sandcrete hollow blocks using dangote and elephant ordinary portland cement brands in nigeria. Determination of safe weight limit of sandcrete block for block moulders. Properties of concrete while cement in one form or another has been around for centuries, the type we use was invented in 1824 in britain.
University of nigeria research publications name obodoh, dominic anosike pgm. Historical data of past collapsed buildings in nigeria were also discussed. The essential ingredients of concrete are cement, aggregate sand, gravel and water. Structural evaluation of lightweight concrete produced. U nwoji department of civil engineering, university of nigeria, nsukka corresponding author. Nigerian journal of technology african journals online. The study revealed that compaction has greater effect on the compressive strength of sandcrete blocks in the sense that blocks produced using vibrating machine has the highest compressive strength amongst the three methods. The results show that the compressive strength ranges from. Compressive strength of sandcrete blocks in bosso and shiroro areas of minna, nigeria m. Study of compressive strength characteristics of hollow sandcrete blocks partially replaced by international organization of scientific research 31 p a g e american society for testing materials astm c 6181978 specification as a siliceous and aluminous material. The blocks were cured and crushed at 7, 14, 21, and 28 days.
Assessment of sandcrete blocks manufacturers compliance to minimum standard requirements by standard organisation of nigeria in southwest, nigeria. Concrete blocks technical data short description concrete block construction has gained importance and has become a valid alternative to fired clay bricks. Study of compressive strength characteristics of hollow. The poverty level amongst west african countries and particularly nigerian has made these blocks. Sandcrete blocks comprise of natural sand, water and binder. Abstract this paper investigates the strength characteristics of sandcrete blocks in bosso and shiroro areas in minna, nigeria. And when moulding, use one bag of cement for 30 blocks instead of 45 to. Compressive strength of sandcrete blocks in bosso and. Journal of engineering, project, and production management. Also, the water absorption is lower in blocks with cement grade 42. Alternatively, you can download the pdf file directly to your computer, from.
Assessment of structural strength of commercial sandcrete blocks. Determination of safe weight limit of sandcrete block. Optimum compressive strength of hardened sandcrete. An appraisal of the quality control practices in sandcrete. The production of sandcrete block started with hand i.
Calcium silicate blocks shall comply with bs en 771. A study on the durability of solid sandcrete blocks samuel sunday omopariola department of works and services, the federal polytechnic, ilaro, nigeria. Compressive strength and costs of sandcrete blocks and blocks. Every necessary procedures and cautions for good masonry wall units were ensured with 25 strokes of blow for sound compaction. Comparison of locally excavated sand with river sand in terms of strength in sandcrete blocks with abstract, chapter 15, references and questionnaire. Costs of alternative methods of acquiring sandcrete blocks. Six number sandcrete blocks were cast for each replacement levels 0, 10,20,30,40, and 50 percentage with gsa. The load carrying capacity of hollow sandcrete blocks. Experimental datasets on compliance level to minimum.
Materials and methods constituent materials used in the production of samples of sandcrete blocks tested in the laboratory are. Architects, engineers, planners, designers, students. The effectiveness and obstructs of sandcrete and concrete block in a foundation system abstract it is a clear fact that bricks play a vital role in a foundation system of a building. Densities of the lateritecement and sandcrete blocks were determined in accordance with 17 and the results are shown in table 2. Sandcrete blocks have been manufactured manually and mechanically to meet the need of building due to the discovery of cement. Strength properties of commercially produces sandcrete. Experimental datasets on compliance level to minimum standard.
Sandcrete blocks, brick molding, block molding, construction entrepreneurs. Pdf quality assessment of sandcrete blocks produced in. Structural evaluation of lightweight concrete produced using waste newspaper and office paper. Also uniaxial compressive strength of hollow sandcrete blocks is defined on the basis of. The study investigated the use of fine sandcrete block waste fsbw as fine aggregate in the production of sandcrete blocks with a view of controlling waste and decongesting block molding production sites. If you want to build a residential or commercial house, you had better mould your own blocks rather than buy from moulders.
This paper investigates the strength characteristics of sandcrete blocks in yola 8 0 3647 n 12 0 1914 e metropolis. Nigerian journal of technology african journals online ajol. Apr 14, 2009 this paper is laboratory testfocused, and reports the results of investigation of the strength and density of sandcrete blocks based on a 1. Arimanwa, michael c, arimanwa, chinenye e, okere, chioma t. Although hollow blocks of all the three sizes could be made using the same machinery. To download the pdf, click the download link above. Okpala the high and increasing cost of cement, coupled with its continuing scarcity has contributed to the nonrealization of adequate housing for both urban and rural dwellers in nigeria. This work finds a way in which lateritic soil within ota, ogun state of nigeria could be used in the production of hollow sandcrete blocks. Compressive strength and costs of sandcrete blocks and. Abdullahi civil engineering department, federal university of technology minna, niger state, nigeria. Abstract sandcrete blocks comprise of natural sand, water and binder. Furthermore, the compressive strength is higher in sandcrete blocks with cement grade 42.